2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. Complement System

Complement System

Complement System

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The complement system, composed of more than 30 serum and cell surface components, is collaborating in recognition and elimination of pathogens as a part of both the innate and acquired immune systems. Once the complement system is activated, a chain of reactions involving proteolysis and assembly occurs, resulting in cleavage of the third complement component (C3). The cascade up to C3 cleavage is called the activation pathway. There are three activation pathways: the classical, lectin, and alternative pathways.

The complement cascade is a dual-edged sword, causing protection against bacterial and viral invasion by promoting phagocytosis and inflammation. Pathologically, complement can cause substantial damage to blood vessels (vasculitis), kidney basement membrane and attached endothelial and epithelial cells (nephritis), joint synovium (arthritis), and erythrocytes (hemolysis) if it is not adequately controlled.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-14648
    Dexamethasone
    		Inhibitor 99.86%
    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and common disease inducer in experimental animals, constructing models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has potential for use in COVID-19 research.
    Dexamethasone
  • HY-B0579
    Cyclosporin A
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Cyclosporin A (Cyclosporine A) is an immunosuppressant which binds to the cyclophilin and inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B/calcineurin) with an IC50 of 5 nM. Cyclosporin A also inhibits CD11a/CD18 adhesion.
    Cyclosporin A
  • HY-101502A
    SB290157 trifluoroacetate
    		Antagonist 99.87%
    SB290157 trifluoroacetate is a potent and selective C3a receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 200 nM.
    SB290157 trifluoroacetate
  • HY-116282
    Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000)
    		Inhibitor 99.20%
    Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 5000) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose with a molecular weight of approximately 5000. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) with different molecular weights exhibits different biological activities. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) is an inhibitor of complement and coagulation pathways, and belongs to the glycosaminoglycans (GAG) family. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) acts as an anticoagulant, antiviral, and anti-lipemic agent. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) stops HIV-1 virus adsorption to host cells. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) prevents NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) inhibits instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR).
    Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000)
  • HY-127105
    Iptacopan
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Iptacopan (LNP023) is an effective and orally-active highly selective factor B inhibitor with an IC50 value of 10 nM and KD of 7.9 nM. Iptacopan exerts a proximal effect in the complement cascade reaction, preventing the destruction (hemolysis) of red blood cells in PNH and the damage of renal cells in IgAN and C3G. Iptacopan can be used for the study of complement-mediated diseases, particularly paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), primary immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), and complement 3 glomerulopathy (C3G).
    Iptacopan
  • HY-182700
    NRPa-308
    		Inhibitor 98.96%
    NRPa-308 is a potent and orally active Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) antagonist with an IC50 of 42 μM for inhibiting VEGF-A165 binding to NRP-1. NRPa-308 blocks the specific interaction between VEGF-A165 and NRP-1. NRPa-308 effectively suppresses angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo and reduces the viability of a broad spectrum of human solid and haematological cancer cells. NRPa-308 inhibits tumor growth and prolongs median survival in a human breast cancer xenograft mouse model. NRPa-308 can be used for the research of multiple human malignancies including solid tumors and hematological cancers.
    NRPa-308
  • HY-P11647A
    RPARPAR acetate
    		Ligand
    RPARPAR acetate is a CendR tumor-penetrating peptide. RPARPAR acetate directly binds to the NRP-1 and NRP-2 receptors on the surface of tumor cells, triggering cellular internalization, vascular extravasation, and penetration into tumor tissues. RPARPAR acetate serves as an efficient ligand for targeting nanocarriers to NRP-1-positive tumors. RPARPAR acetate is applicable in research on tumor targeting and drug delivery.
    RPARPAR acetate
  • HY-148370C
    Sefaxersen sodium scrambled negative control
    		Inhibitor
    Sefaxersen sodium scrambled negative control is the sequence scrambled negative control of Sefaxersen sodium.
    Sefaxersen sodium scrambled negative control
  • HY-106178
    PMX-53
    		Antagonist 99.95%
    PMX-53 (3D53) is a synthetic peptidic and a potent and orally active complement C5a receptor (CD88) antagonist with an IC50 of 20 nM. PMX-53 is also a low-affinity MrgX2 agonist that stimulates MrgX2-mediated mast cell degranulation. PMX-53 specifically binds to C5aR1 and does not bind to the second C5aR (C5L2) and C3aR. PMX-53 has anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiatherosclerotic effects.
    PMX-53
  • HY-14648C
    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble)
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) Water Soluble is a water-soluble form of Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and a common disease inducer in experimental animals. It can be used to construct models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has the potential to be used in COVID-19 research.(Sale size is the weight of dexamethasone)
    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble)
  • HY-17627
    Avacopan
    		Inhibitor 98.50%
    Avacopan (CCX168) is a potent, selective and orally available complement 5a receptor (C5aR) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.1 nM.
    Avacopan
  • HY-P3252A
    Pegcetacoplan acetate
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Pegcetacoplan acetate is a pegylated complement C3/C3b inhibitor. Pegcetacoplan acetate acts by specifically binding to and inhibiting C3 and C3b, thereby suppressing the complement cascade at its proximal stage. Pegcetacoplan is not a known inhibitor or inducer of CYP450 isoenzymes. Pegcetacoplan acetate can be used for the research of complement-mediated diseases, including paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
    Pegcetacoplan acetate
  • HY-P9914
    Eculizumab
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Eculizumab (Anti-Human C5, Humanized Antibody) is a long-acting humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against complement C5. Eculizumab inhibits the cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b and inhibits deployment of the terminal complement system including the formation of membrane attack complex (MAC). Eculizumab prevents anti-ganglioside antibody-mediated neuropathy in mice. Eculizumab can be used in hemolysis studies.
    Eculizumab
  • HY-14648A
    Dexamethasone acetate
    		Inhibitor 99.86%
    Dexamethasone acetate (Dexamethasone 21-acetate) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
    Dexamethasone acetate
  • HY-10799
    EG00229 trifluoroacetate
    		Antagonist 98.03%
    EG00229 is a neuropilin 1 (NRP1) receptor antagonist. EG00229 selectively inhibits VEGF-A binding to NRP1 b1 domain with an IC50 of 3 μM, but has no effect on VEGFA binding to VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2.
    EG00229 trifluoroacetate
  • HY-138161
    JR14a
    		Antagonist 99.77%
    JR14a is a potent thiophene antagonist of human complement C3a receptor. JR14a shows selectivity for the human C3a receptor over C5a receptor. JR14a can suppress C3aR-mediated inflammation.
    JR14a
  • HY-110136A
    PMX 205 Trifluoroacetate
    		Antagonist 99.50%
    PMX 205 Trifluoroacetate is a specific complement C5aR1 isoform antagonist.
    PMX 205 Trifluoroacetate
  • HY-117930
    Danicopan
    		Inhibitor 99.91%
    Danicopan (ACH-4471), a selective and orally active small-molecule factor D inhibitor, shows high binding affinity to human Factor D with Kd value of 0.54 nM. Danicopan (ACH-4471) inhibits alternative pathway of complement (APC) activity, has potential to block the alternative pathway of complement in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS).
    Danicopan
  • HY-P1036
    Compstatin
    		Inhibitor 99.58%
    Compstatin, a 13-residue cyclic peptide, is a potent inhibitor of the complement system C3 with species specificity. Compstatin binds to baboon C3 and is resistant to proteolytic cleavage in baboon blood (similar to humans). Compstatin inhibits only the activation of primates’ complement system. Compstatin exhibits IC50 values of 63 μM and 12 μM for classical and alterative complement pathway, respectively.
    Compstatin
  • HY-P990545
    Tanruprubart
    		Inhibitor 99.047%
    Tanruprubart (ANX005) is a C1q inhibitor and C1q depleter. Tanruprubart is a human antibody expressed in CHO cells, with huIgG1 heavy chains and huκ light chains, and its predicted molecular weight (MW) is 145 kDa. For the isotype control of Tanruprubart, refer to Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001). The IC50 of Tanruprubart is 346 ng/mL for humans and 259 ng/mL for rats; its EC50 is 3.8 ng/mL for humans, 5.2 ng/mL for rats, and 9.9 ng/mL for mice. Tanruprubart is applicable to the research of Guillain-Barré syndrome and Alzheimer's disease.
    Tanruprubart
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity